From f1a3a5249f8787af26802c4272571a46b4fa1079 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Antonio Ospite Date: Thu, 24 Oct 2013 18:05:21 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Initial import, just a copy of fbdevsink from gst-plugins-bad --- .gitignore | 16 ++ AUTHORS | 1 + COPYING | 2 + ChangeLog | 0 Makefile.am | 3 + NEWS | 1 + README | 0 autogen.sh | 18 +++ configure.ac | 73 +++++++++ src/Makefile.am | 15 ++ src/gstfbdevsink.c | 453 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ src/gstfbdevsink.h | 73 +++++++++ 12 files changed, 655 insertions(+) create mode 100644 .gitignore create mode 100644 AUTHORS create mode 100644 COPYING create mode 100644 ChangeLog create mode 100644 Makefile.am create mode 100644 NEWS create mode 100644 README create mode 100755 autogen.sh create mode 100644 configure.ac create mode 100644 src/Makefile.am create mode 100644 src/gstfbdevsink.c create mode 100644 src/gstfbdevsink.h diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b864463 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitignore @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +aclocal.m4 +autom4te.cache +autoregen.sh +config.* +configure +libtool +INSTALL +Makefile.in +depcomp +install-sh +ltmain.sh +missing +stamp-* +my-plugin-*.tar.* +*~ + diff --git a/AUTHORS b/AUTHORS new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e3a294a --- /dev/null +++ b/AUTHORS @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +Antonio Ospite diff --git a/COPYING b/COPYING new file mode 100644 index 0000000..09ec995 --- /dev/null +++ b/COPYING @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Put your license in here! + diff --git a/ChangeLog b/ChangeLog new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e69de29 diff --git a/Makefile.am b/Makefile.am new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5ff2f58 --- /dev/null +++ b/Makefile.am @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +SUBDIRS = src + +EXTRA_DIST = autogen.sh diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3474a99 --- /dev/null +++ b/NEWS @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +Nothing much yet. diff --git a/README b/README new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e69de29 diff --git a/autogen.sh b/autogen.sh new file mode 100755 index 0000000..9df38d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/autogen.sh @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +#!/bin/sh +# you can either set the environment variables AUTOCONF, AUTOHEADER, AUTOMAKE, +# ACLOCAL, AUTOPOINT and/or LIBTOOLIZE to the right versions, or leave them +# unset and get the defaults + +autoreconf --verbose --force --install --make || { + echo 'autogen.sh failed'; + exit 1; +} + +./configure || { + echo 'configure failed'; + exit 1; +} + +echo +echo "Now type 'make' to compile this module." +echo diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ecd1a85 --- /dev/null +++ b/configure.ac @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ +dnl required version of autoconf +AC_PREREQ([2.53]) + +AC_INIT([gst-fbdevsink],[0.1.0],[http://ao2.it],[gst-fbdevsink]) + +dnl required versions of gstreamer and plugins-base +GST_REQUIRED=1.0.0 +GSTPB_REQUIRED=1.0.0 + +AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([src/gstfbdevsink.c]) +AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h]) + +dnl required version of automake +AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([1.10]) + +dnl enable mainainer mode by default +AM_MAINTAINER_MODE([enable]) + +dnl check for tools (compiler etc.) +AC_PROG_CC + +dnl required version of libtool +LT_PREREQ([2.2.6]) +LT_INIT + +dnl give error and exit if we don't have pkgconfig +AC_CHECK_PROG(HAVE_PKGCONFIG, pkg-config, [ ], [ + AC_MSG_ERROR([You need to have pkg-config installed!]) +]) + +PKG_CHECK_MODULES(GST, [ + gstreamer-1.0 >= $GST_REQUIRED + gstreamer-base-1.0 >= $GST_REQUIRED + gstreamer-controller-1.0 >= $GST_REQUIRED +], [ + AC_SUBST(GST_CFLAGS) + AC_SUBST(GST_LIBS) +], [ + AC_MSG_ERROR([ + You need to install or upgrade the GStreamer development + packages on your system. On debian-based systems these are + libgstreamer1.0-dev and libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev. + on RPM-based systems gstreamer1.0-devel, libgstreamer1.0-devel + or similar. The minimum version required is $GST_REQUIRED. + ]) +]) + +dnl check if compiler understands -Wall (if yes, add -Wall to GST_CFLAGS) +AC_MSG_CHECKING([to see if compiler understands -Wall]) +save_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS" +CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -Wall" +AC_COMPILE_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM([ ], [ ])], [ + GST_CFLAGS="$GST_CFLAGS -Wall" + AC_MSG_RESULT([yes]) +], [ + AC_MSG_RESULT([no]) +]) + +dnl set the plugindir where plugins should be installed (for src/Makefile.am) +if test "x${prefix}" = "x$HOME"; then + plugindir="$HOME/.gstreamer-1.0/plugins" +else + plugindir="\$(libdir)/gstreamer-1.0" +fi +AC_SUBST(plugindir) + +dnl set proper LDFLAGS for plugins +GST_PLUGIN_LDFLAGS='-module -avoid-version -export-symbols-regex [_]*\(gst_\|Gst\|GST_\).*' +AC_SUBST(GST_PLUGIN_LDFLAGS) + +AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile src/Makefile]) +AC_OUTPUT + diff --git a/src/Makefile.am b/src/Makefile.am new file mode 100644 index 0000000..06a03e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/Makefile.am @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +# Note: plugindir is set in configure + +plugin_LTLIBRARIES = libgstfbdevsink.la + +# sources used to compile this plug-in +libgstfbdevsink_la_SOURCES = gstfbdevsink.c gstfbdevsink.h + +# compiler and linker flags used to compile this plugin, set in configure.ac +libgstfbdevsink_la_CFLAGS = $(GST_CFLAGS) +libgstfbdevsink_la_LIBADD = $(GST_LIBS) +libgstfbdevsink_la_LDFLAGS = $(GST_PLUGIN_LDFLAGS) +libgstfbdevsink_la_LIBTOOLFLAGS = --tag=disable-static + +# headers we need but don't want installed +noinst_HEADERS = gstfbdevsink.h diff --git a/src/gstfbdevsink.c b/src/gstfbdevsink.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..31018aa --- /dev/null +++ b/src/gstfbdevsink.c @@ -0,0 +1,453 @@ +/* GStreamer fbdev plugin + * Copyright (C) 2007 Sean D'Epagnier + * + * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or + * modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public + * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either + * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. + * + * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU + * Library General Public License for more details. + * + * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public + * License along with this library; if not, write to the + * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, + * Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. + */ + +/* currently the driver does not switch modes, instead uses current mode. + the video is centered and cropped if needed to fit onscreen. + Whatever bitdepth is set is used, and tested to work for 16, 24, 32 bits +*/ + +#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H +#include "config.h" +#endif + +#include +#include +#include +#include + +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +#include "gstfbdevsink.h" + +enum +{ + ARG_0, + ARG_DEVICE +}; + +#if 0 +static void gst_fbdevsink_get_times (GstBaseSink * basesink, + GstBuffer * buffer, GstClockTime * start, GstClockTime * end); +#endif + +static GstFlowReturn gst_fbdevsink_show_frame (GstVideoSink * videosink, + GstBuffer * buff); + +static gboolean gst_fbdevsink_start (GstBaseSink * bsink); +static gboolean gst_fbdevsink_stop (GstBaseSink * bsink); + +static GstCaps *gst_fbdevsink_getcaps (GstBaseSink * bsink, GstCaps * filter); +static gboolean gst_fbdevsink_setcaps (GstBaseSink * bsink, GstCaps * caps); + +static void gst_fbdevsink_finalize (GObject * object); +static void gst_fbdevsink_set_property (GObject * object, + guint prop_id, const GValue * value, GParamSpec * pspec); +static void gst_fbdevsink_get_property (GObject * object, + guint prop_id, GValue * value, GParamSpec * pspec); +static GstStateChangeReturn gst_fbdevsink_change_state (GstElement * element, + GstStateChange transition); + +#define VIDEO_CAPS "{ RGB, BGR, BGRx, xBGR, RGB, RGBx, xRGB, RGB15, RGB16 }" + +static GstStaticPadTemplate sink_template = GST_STATIC_PAD_TEMPLATE ("sink", + GST_PAD_SINK, + GST_PAD_ALWAYS, + GST_STATIC_CAPS (GST_VIDEO_CAPS_MAKE (VIDEO_CAPS)) + ); + +#define parent_class gst_fbdevsink_parent_class +G_DEFINE_TYPE (GstFBDEVSink, gst_fbdevsink, GST_TYPE_VIDEO_SINK); + +static void +gst_fbdevsink_init (GstFBDEVSink * fbdevsink) +{ + /* nothing to do here yet */ +} + +#if 0 +static void +gst_fbdevsink_get_times (GstBaseSink * basesink, GstBuffer * buffer, + GstClockTime * start, GstClockTime * end) +{ + GstFBDEVSink *fbdevsink; + + fbdevsink = GST_FBDEVSINK (basesink); + + if (GST_BUFFER_TIMESTAMP_IS_VALID (buffer)) { + *start = GST_BUFFER_TIMESTAMP (buffer); + if (GST_BUFFER_DURATION_IS_VALID (buffer)) { + *end = *start + GST_BUFFER_DURATION (buffer); + } else { + if (fbdevsink->fps_n > 0) { + *end = *start + + gst_util_uint64_scale_int (GST_SECOND, fbdevsink->fps_d, + fbdevsink->fps_n); + } + } + } +} +#endif + +static GstCaps * +gst_fbdevsink_getcaps (GstBaseSink * bsink, GstCaps * filter) +{ + GstFBDEVSink *fbdevsink; + GstVideoFormat format; + GstCaps *caps; + uint32_t rmask; + uint32_t gmask; + uint32_t bmask; + uint32_t tmask; + int endianness, depth, bpp; + + fbdevsink = GST_FBDEVSINK (bsink); + + caps = gst_static_pad_template_get_caps (&sink_template); + + /* FIXME: locking */ + if (!fbdevsink->framebuffer) + goto done; + + bpp = fbdevsink->varinfo.bits_per_pixel; + + rmask = ((1 << fbdevsink->varinfo.red.length) - 1) + << fbdevsink->varinfo.red.offset; + gmask = ((1 << fbdevsink->varinfo.green.length) - 1) + << fbdevsink->varinfo.green.offset; + bmask = ((1 << fbdevsink->varinfo.blue.length) - 1) + << fbdevsink->varinfo.blue.offset; + tmask = ((1 << fbdevsink->varinfo.transp.length) - 1) + << fbdevsink->varinfo.transp.offset; + + depth = fbdevsink->varinfo.red.length + fbdevsink->varinfo.green.length + + fbdevsink->varinfo.blue.length; + + switch (fbdevsink->varinfo.bits_per_pixel) { + case 32: + /* swap endianness of masks */ + rmask = GUINT32_SWAP_LE_BE (rmask); + gmask = GUINT32_SWAP_LE_BE (gmask); + bmask = GUINT32_SWAP_LE_BE (bmask); + tmask = GUINT32_SWAP_LE_BE (tmask); + depth += fbdevsink->varinfo.transp.length; + endianness = G_BIG_ENDIAN; + break; + case 24:{ + /* swap red and blue masks */ + tmask = rmask; + rmask = bmask; + bmask = tmask; + tmask = 0; + endianness = G_BIG_ENDIAN; + break; + } + case 15: + case 16: + tmask = 0; + endianness = G_LITTLE_ENDIAN; + break; + default: + goto unsupported_bpp; + } + + format = gst_video_format_from_masks (depth, bpp, endianness, rmask, gmask, + bmask, tmask); + + if (format == GST_VIDEO_FORMAT_UNKNOWN) + goto unknown_format; + + caps = gst_caps_make_writable (caps); + gst_caps_set_simple (caps, "format", G_TYPE_STRING, + gst_video_format_to_string (format), NULL); + +done: + + if (filter != NULL) { + GstCaps *icaps; + + icaps = gst_caps_intersect (caps, filter); + gst_caps_unref (caps); + caps = icaps; + } + + return caps; + +/* ERRORS */ +unsupported_bpp: + { + GST_WARNING_OBJECT (bsink, "unsupported bit depth: %d", bpp); + return NULL; + } +unknown_format: + { + GST_WARNING_OBJECT (bsink, "could not map fbdev format to GstVideoFormat: " + "depth=%u, bpp=%u, endianness=%u, rmask=0x%08x, gmask=0x%08x, " + "bmask=0x%08x, tmask=0x%08x", depth, bpp, endianness, rmask, gmask, + bmask, tmask); + return NULL; + } +} + +static gboolean +gst_fbdevsink_setcaps (GstBaseSink * bsink, GstCaps * vscapslist) +{ + GstFBDEVSink *fbdevsink; + GstStructure *structure; + const GValue *fps; + + fbdevsink = GST_FBDEVSINK (bsink); + + structure = gst_caps_get_structure (vscapslist, 0); + + fps = gst_structure_get_value (structure, "framerate"); + fbdevsink->fps_n = gst_value_get_fraction_numerator (fps); + fbdevsink->fps_d = gst_value_get_fraction_denominator (fps); + + gst_structure_get_int (structure, "width", &fbdevsink->width); + gst_structure_get_int (structure, "height", &fbdevsink->height); + + /* calculate centering and scanlengths for the video */ + fbdevsink->bytespp = fbdevsink->fixinfo.line_length / fbdevsink->varinfo.xres; + + fbdevsink->cx = ((int) fbdevsink->varinfo.xres - fbdevsink->width) / 2; + if (fbdevsink->cx < 0) + fbdevsink->cx = 0; + + fbdevsink->cy = ((int) fbdevsink->varinfo.yres - fbdevsink->height) / 2; + if (fbdevsink->cy < 0) + fbdevsink->cy = 0; + + fbdevsink->linelen = fbdevsink->width * fbdevsink->bytespp; + if (fbdevsink->linelen > fbdevsink->fixinfo.line_length) + fbdevsink->linelen = fbdevsink->fixinfo.line_length; + + fbdevsink->lines = fbdevsink->height; + if (fbdevsink->lines > fbdevsink->varinfo.yres) + fbdevsink->lines = fbdevsink->varinfo.yres; + + return TRUE; +} + + +static GstFlowReturn +gst_fbdevsink_show_frame (GstVideoSink * videosink, GstBuffer * buf) +{ + + GstFBDEVSink *fbdevsink; + GstMapInfo map; + int i; + + fbdevsink = GST_FBDEVSINK (videosink); + + /* optimization could remove this memcpy by allocating the buffer + in framebuffer memory, but would only work when xres matches + the video width */ + if (!gst_buffer_map (buf, &map, GST_MAP_READ)) + return GST_FLOW_ERROR; + + for (i = 0; i < fbdevsink->lines; i++) { + memcpy (fbdevsink->framebuffer + + (i + fbdevsink->cy) * fbdevsink->fixinfo.line_length + + fbdevsink->cx * fbdevsink->bytespp, + map.data + i * fbdevsink->width * fbdevsink->bytespp, + fbdevsink->linelen); + } + + gst_buffer_unmap (buf, &map); + + return GST_FLOW_OK; +} + +static gboolean +gst_fbdevsink_start (GstBaseSink * bsink) +{ + GstFBDEVSink *fbdevsink; + + fbdevsink = GST_FBDEVSINK (bsink); + + if (!fbdevsink->device) { + fbdevsink->device = g_strdup ("/dev/fb0"); + } + + fbdevsink->fd = open (fbdevsink->device, O_RDWR); + + if (fbdevsink->fd == -1) + return FALSE; + + /* get the fixed screen info */ + if (ioctl (fbdevsink->fd, FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO, &fbdevsink->fixinfo)) + return FALSE; + + /* get the variable screen info */ + if (ioctl (fbdevsink->fd, FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO, &fbdevsink->varinfo)) + return FALSE; + + /* map the framebuffer */ + fbdevsink->framebuffer = mmap (0, fbdevsink->fixinfo.smem_len, + PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fbdevsink->fd, 0); + if (fbdevsink->framebuffer == MAP_FAILED) + return FALSE; + + return TRUE; +} + +static gboolean +gst_fbdevsink_stop (GstBaseSink * bsink) +{ + GstFBDEVSink *fbdevsink; + + fbdevsink = GST_FBDEVSINK (bsink); + + if (munmap (fbdevsink->framebuffer, fbdevsink->fixinfo.smem_len)) + return FALSE; + + if (close (fbdevsink->fd)) + return FALSE; + + + return TRUE; +} + +static void +gst_fbdevsink_set_property (GObject * object, guint prop_id, + const GValue * value, GParamSpec * pspec) +{ + GstFBDEVSink *fbdevsink; + + fbdevsink = GST_FBDEVSINK (object); + + switch (prop_id) { + case ARG_DEVICE:{ + g_free (fbdevsink->device); + fbdevsink->device = g_value_dup_string (value); + break; + } + default: + G_OBJECT_WARN_INVALID_PROPERTY_ID (object, prop_id, pspec); + break; + } +} + + +static void +gst_fbdevsink_get_property (GObject * object, guint prop_id, GValue * value, + GParamSpec * pspec) +{ + GstFBDEVSink *fbdevsink; + + fbdevsink = GST_FBDEVSINK (object); + + switch (prop_id) { + case ARG_DEVICE:{ + g_value_set_string (value, fbdevsink->device); + break; + } + default: + G_OBJECT_WARN_INVALID_PROPERTY_ID (object, prop_id, pspec); + break; + } +} + +static GstStateChangeReturn +gst_fbdevsink_change_state (GstElement * element, GstStateChange transition) +{ + GstStateChangeReturn ret = GST_STATE_CHANGE_SUCCESS; + + g_return_val_if_fail (GST_IS_FBDEVSINK (element), GST_STATE_CHANGE_FAILURE); + + ret = GST_ELEMENT_CLASS (parent_class)->change_state (element, transition); + + switch (transition) { + default: + break; + } + return ret; +} + +static gboolean +plugin_init (GstPlugin * plugin) +{ + if (!gst_element_register (plugin, "fbdevsink", GST_RANK_NONE, + GST_TYPE_FBDEVSINK)) + return FALSE; + + return TRUE; +} + +static void +gst_fbdevsink_class_init (GstFBDEVSinkClass * klass) +{ + GObjectClass *gobject_class; + GstElementClass *gstelement_class; + GstBaseSinkClass *basesink_class; + GstVideoSinkClass *videosink_class; + + gobject_class = (GObjectClass *) klass; + gstelement_class = (GstElementClass *) klass; + basesink_class = (GstBaseSinkClass *) klass; + videosink_class = (GstVideoSinkClass *) klass; + + gobject_class->set_property = gst_fbdevsink_set_property; + gobject_class->get_property = gst_fbdevsink_get_property; + gobject_class->finalize = gst_fbdevsink_finalize; + + gstelement_class->change_state = + GST_DEBUG_FUNCPTR (gst_fbdevsink_change_state); + + g_object_class_install_property (G_OBJECT_CLASS (klass), ARG_DEVICE, + g_param_spec_string ("device", "device", + "The framebuffer device eg: /dev/fb0", NULL, G_PARAM_READWRITE)); + + basesink_class->set_caps = GST_DEBUG_FUNCPTR (gst_fbdevsink_setcaps); + basesink_class->get_caps = GST_DEBUG_FUNCPTR (gst_fbdevsink_getcaps); +#if 0 + basesink_class->get_times = GST_DEBUG_FUNCPTR (gst_fbdevsink_get_times); +#endif + basesink_class->start = GST_DEBUG_FUNCPTR (gst_fbdevsink_start); + basesink_class->stop = GST_DEBUG_FUNCPTR (gst_fbdevsink_stop); + + videosink_class->show_frame = GST_DEBUG_FUNCPTR (gst_fbdevsink_show_frame); + + gst_element_class_set_static_metadata (gstelement_class, "fbdev video sink", + "Sink/Video", "Linux framebuffer videosink", + "Sean D'Epagnier "); + + gst_element_class_add_pad_template (gstelement_class, + gst_static_pad_template_get (&sink_template)); +} + +static void +gst_fbdevsink_finalize (GObject * object) +{ + GstFBDEVSink *fbdevsink = GST_FBDEVSINK (object); + + g_free (fbdevsink->device); + + G_OBJECT_CLASS (parent_class)->finalize (object); +} + +GST_PLUGIN_DEFINE (GST_VERSION_MAJOR, + GST_VERSION_MINOR, + fbdevsink, + "Linux framebuffer video sink", + plugin_init, VERSION, "LGPL", "gst-fbdevsink", "http://ao2.it") diff --git a/src/gstfbdevsink.h b/src/gstfbdevsink.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7998217 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/gstfbdevsink.h @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ +/* GStreamer + * Copyright (C) 2007 Sean D'Epagnier sean@depagnier.com + * + * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or + * modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public + * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either + * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. + * + * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU + * Library General Public License for more details. + * + * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public + * License along with this library; if not, write to the + * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, + * Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. + */ + + +#ifndef __GST_FBDEVSINK_H__ +#define __GST_FBDEVSINK_H__ + +#include +#include +#include + +#include + +G_BEGIN_DECLS + +#define GST_TYPE_FBDEVSINK \ + (gst_fbdevsink_get_type()) +#define GST_FBDEVSINK(obj) \ + (G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE_CAST((obj),GST_TYPE_FBDEVSINK,GstFBDEVSink)) +#define GST_FBDEVSINK_CLASS(klass) \ + (G_TYPE_CHECK_CLASS_CAST((klass),GST_TYPE_FBDEVSINK,GstFBDEVSinkClass)) +#define GST_IS_FBDEVSINK(obj) \ + (G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE_TYPE((obj),GST_TYPE_FBDEVSINK)) +#define GST_IS_FBDEVSINK_CLASS(klass) \ + (G_TYPE_CHECK_CLASS_TYPE((klass),GST_TYPE_FBDEVSINK)) + +typedef struct _GstFBDEVSink GstFBDEVSink; +typedef struct _GstFBDEVSinkClass GstFBDEVSinkClass; + +struct _GstFBDEVSink { + GstVideoSink videosink; + + /*< private >*/ + struct fb_fix_screeninfo fixinfo; + struct fb_var_screeninfo varinfo; + + int fd; + unsigned char *framebuffer; + + char *device; + + int width, height; + int cx, cy, linelen, lines, bytespp; + + int fps_n, fps_d; +}; + +struct _GstFBDEVSinkClass { + GstVideoSinkClass videosink_class; + +}; + +GType gst_fbdevsink_get_type(void); + +G_END_DECLS + +#endif /* __GST_FBDEVSINK_H__ */ -- 2.1.4