2 html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
3 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
4 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
5 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
6 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/SCHEMA/xhtml11.xsd"
9 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8" />
11 <title>XHTML 1.1 Quick Reference by examples</title>
13 <meta name="description" content="XHTML 1.1 Quick Reference by examples" />
14 <meta name="keywords" content="html,xhtml 1.1,tags,elements,reference,examples,css"/>
16 <meta name="copyright" content="Copyright (c) 2009 Antonio Ospite, some rights reserved" />
17 <meta name="author" content="Antonio Ospite"/>
18 <meta name="language" content="en"/>
21 <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="style.css" />
24 <style type="text/css">
31 /* Style-able elements are those which have the 'style' attribute */
33 /* Structure module */
35 html {} /* style-able? */
67 /* Hypertext module */
84 /* Presentation module */
98 /* Bidirectional text module */
128 /* Client-side Image Map Module */
134 /* Scripting module */
146 <h1>XHTML 1.1 Quick Reference by examples</h1>
149 This page offers a quick reference by examples of all the elements specified by the <a title="eXtensible
150 Hypertext Markup language 1.1"
151 href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/">XHTML 1.1</a> W3C standard.</p>
153 <p>This version of XHTML groups the elements by <a title="XHTML Abstract Modules"
154 href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html">module</a>, and this is how they are presented here,
155 with a very brief description and a section of examples of use.</p>
157 <p>There are already other quick reference pages, like the one on <a title="XHTML Reference" href="http://xhtml.com">xhtml.com</a>, or <a title="XHTML Quick Reference Guide For XHTML 1.1" href="http://engelke.com/xhtmlref/">this one</a> or <a title="XHTML 1.0 reference with examples" href="http://www.zvon.org/xxl/xhtmlReference/Output/index.html">this other one with examples</a>. But this page wants to be a <strong>single-page</strong> brief reference; here it is not explained which attributes an element supports, but that can be seen reading the source code of the examples provided for each element. This page could be used as a summary about XHTML or as a precious tool to design <strong>complete</strong> (wrt. XHTML elements) CSS stylesheets for your XHTML pages, giving a quick glance at the results.</p>
161 <p>The XHTML 1.1 document type is made up of the XHTML <em>modules</em> shown
162 below. The elements, attributes, and minimal content models associated with
163 these modules are defined in the <a title="XHTML Modularization"
164 href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/references.html#ref_xhtml_modularization">XHTML
165 Modularization</a> document [<a title="XHTML Modularization"
166 href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/references.html#ref_xhtml_modularization">XHTMLMOD</a>]).
167 The elements are listed here for information purposes, but the definitions in
168 [<a title="XHTML Modularization"
169 href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/references.html#ref_xhtml_modularization">XHTMLMOD</a>]
170 should be considered definitive.
171 In this document, the module names in the list below link into the
173 the modules within the current version of [<a title="XHTML Modularization"
174 href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/references.html#ref_xhtml_modularization">XHTMLMOD</a>].</p>
177 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_structuremodule">Structure Module</a>*</dt>
179 <dd><code>body</code>, <code>head</code>, <code>html</code>, <code>title</code></dd>
181 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_textmodule">Text Module</a>*</dt>
184 <code>abbr</code>, <code>acronym</code>, <code>address</code>, <code>blockquote</code>, <code>br</code>, <code>cite</code>, <code>code</code>, <code>dfn</code>, <code>div</code>, <code>em</code>, <code>h1</code>, <code>h2</code>, <code>h3</code>, <code>h4</code>, <code>h5</code>, <code>h6</code>, <code>kbd</code>, <code>p</code>, <code>pre</code>, <code>q</code>, <code>samp</code>, <code>span</code>, <code>strong</code>, <code>var</code>
189 The minimal content model for this module defines some content sets:
193 <dd><code>h1</code> | <code>h2</code> | <code>h3</code> | <code>h4</code> | <code>h5</code> | <code>h6</code></dd>
197 <dd><code>address</code> | <code>blockquote</code> | <code>div</code> | <code>p</code> | <code>pre</code></dd>
201 <dd><code>abbr</code> | <code>acronym</code> | <code>br</code> | <code>cite</code> | <code>code</code> | <code>dfn</code> | <code>em</code> | <code>kbd</code> | <code>q</code> | <code>samp</code> | <code>code</code> | <code>strong</code> | <code>var</code></dd>
205 <dd><em>Heading</em> | <em>Block</em> | <em>Inline</em></dd>
211 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_hypertextmodule">Hypertext Module</a>*</dt>
216 This module adds the <code>a</code> element to the <em>Inline</em> content set
217 of the <strong>Text Module</strong>
222 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_listmodule">List Module</a>*</dt>
225 <code>dl</code>, <code>dt</code>, <code>dd</code>, <code>ol</code>, <code>ul</code>, <code>li</code>
227 This module also defines the content set <em>List</em> with the minimal content model
228 (<code>dl</code> | <code>ol</code> | <code>ul</code>)+ and adds this set to the <em>Flow</em> content set of the
229 <strong>Text Module</strong>.
233 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_objectmodule">Object Module</a></dt>
236 <code>object</code>, <code>param</code>
238 When this module is used, it adds the <code>object</code> element to the <em>Inline</em> content set
239 of the <strong>Text Module</strong>.
243 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_presentationmodule">Presentation Module</a></dt>
246 <code>b</code>, <code>big</code>, <code>hr</code>, <code>i</code>, <code>small</code>, <code>sub</code>, <code>sup</code>, <code>tt</code>
248 When this module is used, the <code>hr</code> element is added to the
249 <em>Block</em> content set of the <strong>Text Module</strong>. In addition,
250 the <code>b</code>, <code>big</code>, <code>i</code>, <code>small</code>, <code>sub</code>, <code>sup,</code> and <code>tt</code> elements are
251 added to the <em>Inline</em> content set of the <strong>Text Module</strong>.
255 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_editmodule">Edit Module</a></dt>
258 <code>del</code>, <code>ins</code>
260 When this module is used, the <code>del</code> and <code>ins</code> elements
261 are added to the <em>Inline</em>
262 content set of the <strong>Text Module</strong>.
266 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_bdomodule">Bidirectional Text Module</a></dt>
271 When this module is used, the <code>bdo</code> element is added to the
272 <em>Inline</em> content set of the <strong>Text Module</strong>.
276 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_extformsmodule">Forms Module</a></dt>
279 <code>button</code>, <code>fieldset</code>, <code>form</code>, <code>input</code>, <code>label</code>, <code>legend</code>, <code>select</code>, <code>optgroup</code>, <code>option</code>, <code>textarea</code>
282 This module defines two content sets:
285 <dd><code>form</code> | <code>fieldset</code></dd>
287 <dd><code>input</code> | <code>select</code> | <code>textarea</code> | <code>label</code> | <code>button</code></dd>
290 When this module is used, it adds the <em>Form</em> content set to the
291 <em>Block </em>content set and it adds the <em>Formctrl</em> content set to
292 the <em>Inline</em> content set as these are defined in the <strong>Text
297 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_tablemodule">Table Module</a></dt>
300 <code>caption</code>, <code>col</code>, <code>colgroup</code>, <code>table</code>, <code>tbody</code>, <code>td</code>, <code>tfoot</code>, <code>th</code>, <code>thead</code>, <code>tr</code>
302 When this module is used, it adds the <code>table</code> element to the
303 <em>Block</em> content set of the <strong>Text Module</strong>.
307 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_imagemodule">Image Module</a></dt>
312 When this module is used, it adds the <code>img</code> element to the <em>Inline</em> content set of
313 the <strong>Text Module</strong>.
317 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_imapmodule">Client-side Image Map Module</a></dt>
320 <code>area</code>, <code>map</code>
321 When this module is used, the <code>map</code> element is added to the <em>Inline</em> content set
322 of the <strong>Text Module</strong>.
325 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_servermapmodule">Server-side Image Map Module</a></dt>
327 <dd>Attribute <code>ismap</code> on <code>img</code></dd>
329 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_intrinsiceventsmodule">Intrinsic Events Module</a></dt>
331 <dd>Events attributes</dd>
333 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_metamodule">Metainformation Module</a></dt>
335 <dd><code>meta</code></dd>
337 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_scriptmodule">Scripting Module</a></dt>
339 <dd><code>noscript</code>, <code>script</code></dd>
341 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_stylemodule">Stylesheet Module</a></dt>
343 <dd><code>style</code> element</dd>
345 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_styleattributemodule">Style Attribute Module</a> <em>Deprecated</em></dt>
347 <dd><code>style</code> attribute</dd>
349 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_linkmodule">Link Module</a></dt>
351 <dd><code>link</code></dd>
353 <dt><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_basemodule">Base Module</a></dt>
355 <dd><code>base</code></dd>
358 <p>XHTML also uses the Ruby Annotation module as defined in [<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/references.html#ref_ruby">RUBY</a>]:</p>
363 <h3>Structure Module</h3>
366 We don't show explicit examples for elements in the
367 Structure module because they are Singleton elements, already used for the
368 structure of this very page. Although you can style the <code>body</code>
369 and <code>html</code>
376 The Text module elements can be used inside a text to enrich it semantically.
377 They are all style-able.
380 <dl class="examples">
383 We all know what <abbr title="eXtensible Hypertext Markup Language">XHTML</abbr>
389 On the contrary someone doesn't know <acronym title="RAdio Detection And Ranging">RADAR</acronym> is
396 <address>Naples, Italy</address>
397 a strange, still beautiful, city.
403 <blockquote cite="myself"><p>Better looser than poser!</p></blockquote>
404 Not very widespread these days.
408 <dd>Break the line here<br />this is new line</dd>
411 <dd>Even if you are not Buddhist follow the <cite>Dalai Lama</cite>
415 <dd>Format source code using the <code><code></code></code>
419 <dd>I wonder how much my silly definition of happiness:
421 Happiness is the limit of our mood function when “how I currently feel” approaches
422 to “how I want to feel”
429 DIVs are used to <div>divide</div> block elements.
434 This <em>em</em> is not really a typographical measure.
439 This could be for <h1>Book</h1> titles.
444 This could be for <h2>Chapter</h2> titles.
449 This could be for <h3>Section</h3> titles.
454 This could be for <h4>Sub-Section</h4> titles.
459 This could be for <h5>Sub-Sub-Section</h5> titles.
464 This could be for <h6>Sub-Sub-Sub-Section</h6> titles.
469 Do not press <kbd>Ctrl-Q</kbd>, really!
474 Is this before a paragraph?
476 A paragraph (from the Greek <em>paragraphos</em>, “to write beside” or “written
477 beside”) is a self-contained unit of a discourse in writing dealing with a
478 particular point or idea.
480 After a paragraph, definitely!
485 How to use this element?
493 ...."Have you mooed today?"...
495 Aaah, this is c<kbd>^H</kbd>how.
500 British say about driving: <q cite="http://books.google.it/books?id=N2AOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA45&lpg=PA45;">If you go
501 left you go right, if you go right you go wrong</q>.
506 Let's clean up this file:
508 tidy -xml -access 3 -utf-8 -i -m $THIS_FILE
514 Because <span class="span">style</span> matters?
519 Be <strong>strong</strong> rather than bold!
524 This file name is in <var>$THIS_FILE</var>... this is just an example, you
530 <h3>Hypertext module</h3>
535 Is this xhtml: <a title="Go on top of the page (internal link)"
536 href="#top">GOTO 0;</a>?<br />
537 Is this more accessible: <a title="Go on top of the page with an access key (internal link)"
538 accesskey="g" href="#top">IF KEY == 'g'; THEN GOTO 0; ENDIF;</a>? (Psst, use
539 <kbd>Alt-Shift-g</kbd> to test it in FireFox)<br />
540 It is <a title="Hypertext module (external link)"
541 href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/abstract_modules.html#s_hypertextmodule">XHTML</a>
549 For the list modules we show grouped examples, a <code>dd</code> or a
550 <code>li</code> element alone does not have much sense.
560 To understand recursion you must have understood what recursion means.
600 <h3>Object module</h3>
603 <dt>object, param</dt>
605 <object data="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Utah_teapot_simple_2.png/300px-Utah_teapot_simple_2.png" type="image/png">
607 <param name="author" value="Martin Newell"/>
608 <param name="source" value="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utah_teapot"/>
613 <h3>Presentation module</h3>
617 This is the <b>bold</b> style.
621 This is <big>bigger</big> than the rest.
629 This is the <i>italic</i> style.
633 Can you still <small>read it</small>?
637 Remember, (10)<sub>10</sub> in binary is 1010.
641 This is the 1<sup>st</sup> example that came to my kind.
645 This is the <tt>teletype</tt> style.
654 Are you a <del>deletionist</del><ins>inclusionist</ins> on Wikipedia?
659 <h3>Bidirectional Text module</h3>
664 <bdo dir="rtl">Should I add an example in Arabian?</bdo>
668 <h3>Forms module</h3>
671 For the Forms module a grouped example is provided:
675 <dt>button, fieldset, form, input, label, legend, select, optgroup, option, textarea</dt>
678 <script type="text/javascript">
680 function checksubmit()
682 alert('No, really?');
687 <form id="example_form" action="" method="get">
689 <legend>Example Form</legend>
691 <label for="username">Username:</label>
692 <input id="username" name="username" type="text" value="ao2" readonly="readonly" />
695 <label for="passwd">Password:</label>
696 <input id="passwd" name="passwd" type="password"/>
699 <label for="autologin">Auto Login:</label>
700 <input id="autologin" name="autologin" type="checkbox" checked="checked"/>
703 <label for="user_sex_male">Male:</label>
704 <input id="user_sex_male" name="user_sex" type="radio" checked="checked"/>
707 <label for="user_sex_female">Female:</label>
708 <input id="user_sex_female" name="user_sex" type="radio"/>
711 <label for="form_submit">Submit:</label>
712 <input id="form_submit" name="form_submit" type="submit" disabled="disabled" accesskey="S"/>
715 <label for="form_reset">Reset:</label>
716 <input id="form_reset" name="form_reset" type="reset"/>
719 <label for="pgp_key">PGP Key:</label>
720 <input id="pgp_key" name="pgp_key" type="file"/>
722 <input id="base_uid" name="base_uid" type="hidden" value="1000"/>
724 <label for="form_logo">logo:</label>
725 <input id="form_logo" name="form_logo" type="image" src="http://localhost/nologo" alt="Logo not available"/>
728 <label for="user_country">User Coutry:</label>
729 <select id="user_country" name="country">
730 <option value ="-1">Choose you country</option>
731 <optgroup label="Asia">
732 <option value ="1">Japan</option>
733 <option value ="2">Kore</option>
734 <option value ="3">China</option>
736 <optgroup label="Europe" disabled="disabled">
737 <option value ="4">England</option>
738 <option value ="5">Italy</option>
739 <option value ="6">Germany</option>
744 <label for="user_info">User Info:</label><br />
745 <textarea id="user_info" name="user_info" rows="4" cols="80">
746 Some info like favourite dishes and so on...
753 <input id="agree" name="agree" type="checkbox"/>
754 <label for="agree">I have read and understood the code</label>
755 <button id="send_button" type="submit" onclick="checksubmit();">Submit?</button>
762 <h3>Table module</h3>
765 For the Table module a grouped example is provided:
769 <dt>caption, col, colgroup, table, tbody, td, tfoot, th, thead, tr</dt>
772 <table id="example_table" summary="Example of table" title="Example table" frame="box">
773 <caption>This is an example</caption>
775 <col span="1" align="char" char="," charoff="50%" style="background: #00ff00"/>
776 <col span="1" align="right"/>
778 <colgroup span="2" align="right" style="background: #ff0000;" />
792 <td colspan="2">0</td>
797 <td rowspan="2">January</td>
819 <h3>Image module</h3>
825 This is an image: <img alt="No image" title="W3c logo"
826 src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_main" style="vertical-align: middle;"/> centered on the line.
831 <h3>Client-side Image Map module</h3>
838 <area nohref="nohref" alt="Vesuvio" title="Vesuvio" shape="poly"
839 coords="156,183, 180,177, 203,167, 213,162, 225,160, 244,163, 266,155, 278,157, 286,163, 309,170, 331,175, 353,179, 372,184, 325,183, 287,179, 256,182, 232,184, 196,183, 156,183, 156,183, 156,183" />
840 <area href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoli" alt="Napoli" title="Napoli" shape="poly"
841 coords="0,360, 480,360, 480,272, 410,259, 386,257, 423,278, 408,283, 384,278, 342,286, 260,272, 208,261, 173,231, 215,219, 272,212, 308,208, 253,204, 218,201, 129,201, 57,197, 0,188, 0,360" />
842 <area nohref="nohref" alt="Moon" title="Moon" shape="circle"
843 coords="442,128,10" />
845 <img src="http://silvioirio.files.wordpress.com/2008/01/napoli2.jpg" alt="Napoli" usemap="map1" />
850 <h3>Server-side Image Map module</h3>
853 <dt>Attribute ismap on img</dt>
859 <h3>Intrinsic Events module</h3>
862 <dt>Events attributes</dt>
868 <h3>Metainformation module</h3>
877 <h3>Scripting module</h3>
880 <dt>script, noscript</dt>
886 <h3>Stylesheet module</h3>